Manual measurements were made with a goniometer by an orthopaedic surgeon. Measurements were made on preoperative weightbearing radiographs in 176 patients with symptomatic hallux valgus. (DMAA), and the proximal phalangeal articular angle (PPAA), also called the hallux valgus interphalangeus angle or interphalangeal angle. The objective of this study was to compare angular measurements in the evaluation of hallux valgus deformities using a goniometer and a computerized program to assess degree of concordance between the two methods and determine the reliability of manual measurements.Īngles measured included the hallux valgus angle (HVA), the intermetatarsal angle (IMA), the distal metatarsal articular angle.
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